Here’s What We Know of Brain-Computer Interface

Here’s What We Know Of Brain-Computer Interface

Technological advancements have made life easier for us and turned the world by using one click on the screen. However, it’s important for us to note that technology has also been immensely beneficial to the ones who aren’t very privileged.

One such example of technology upgrading and changing lives globally is the brain-computer interface, also known as BCI.

These BCIs, as the terminology inherently suggests, refer to an interface that connects machines. It is often utilized as an assistive device, which would be dynamic support to people with brain or spinal injuries. One of the major components of these brain-computer interfaces is sensors which are implantable as well as which can record electrical signals in the human brain. These electrical signals recognised by the brain-computer interfaces are further used to drive the machines based intelligence like robot prosthetics to help the patient move or even communicate in their surroundings.

Here’s a little bit about the history of Brain-computer Interface development.

The development of the Brain-computer Interface has roots in 1924 when Hans Berger became one of the first neuroscientists to discover the mapping of the brain’s activity with this EEG. After a long time, in the year 1970, the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency, USA, initiated a research-oriented project, to know more about the communications in the brain by using EEG. Some years later, in 1976, Professor Jacques J Vidol, coined the term “Brain-computer Interface”.  In 1999, the Brain-computer Interface is first used to help and provide some form of hand movement to a quadriplegic. The next decade saw further developments in the arena of this Brain-computer Interface.

A major leap in the Brain-computer Interface Technology, took place in 2007 when an enterprise named NeuroSky launched the consumer Brain-computer Interface space or BCI space. And that was probably an important step towards the commercial medical usage of the Brain-computer Interface.

It is thus very clear that this BCI or Brain-computer Interface’s most important function is to recognise and configure brain signals in patients with brain injury and monitor the same. In light of this efficiency provided by the brain-computer interface, it is known to be used in many ways. For instance, to train and monitor cognitive abilities in ageing patients, strengthening the body’s joints by controlling an exoskeleton, controlling domestic appliances, daily communication purposes, and so on.

The Brain-computer Interface had components or sensors known as “neurograins”, which help the brain-computer interface oriented devices to keep track of the brain or neuro signals.

These sensors electrical impulses in the body, and send the same to a central hub, which further processes these impulses for the Brain-computer Interface’s usage. This way, the neurograins also help in the coordination of the impulses. A recent study has also demonstrated that even to map and use a Brain-computer Interface on a rodents’ brain would require around 50 neurograins.

However, the main challenges faced by the Brain-computer Interface Technology today, are minutely developing and looking into the communication process, and simultaneously probing multiple points in the brain. The Brain-computer Interface Technology is nonetheless a very promising one and it can provide detailed insights into the human neurological system in future.

About Robbin Joseph

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